Sezvo coronavirus itsva ichipararira pasirese, kutarisa kwevanhu kuhutano kwasvika padanho risati ramboitika. Kunyanya, iyo inogona kutyisidzira yeiyo coronavirus nyowani kumapapu nedzimwe nhengo dzekufema dzinoita kuti kutariswa kwehutano hwezuva nezuva kuve kwakanyanya kukosha. Zvichipesana neizvi, pulse oximeter michina iri kuramba ichibatanidzwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva hwevanhu uye yave chishandiso chakakosha chekutarisa hutano hwepamba.
Saka, unoziva here kuti ndiani muvambi wemazuva ano pulse oximeter?
Kufanana nekufambira mberi kwesainzi kwakawanda, iyo yemazuva ano pulse oximeter yanga isiri iyo brainchild yeimwe shasha. Kutanga kubva papfungwa yechinyakare, inorwadza, inononoka uye isingashande pakati pemakore ekuma1800, uye yakatora makore anopfuura zana, masayendisiti mazhinji uye mainjiniya ezvokurapa vakaramba vachiita mabhindauko ehunyanzvi mukuyera mwero weokisijeni yeropa, vachiedza Kupa nekukurumidza, kutakurika uye kusiri. -invasive pulse oximetry nzira.
1840 Hemoglobin, iyo inotakura mamorekuru eokisijeni muropa, inowanikwa
Pakati pekupedzisira 1800s, masayendisiti akatanga kunzwisisa nzira iyo muviri wemunhu unotora okisijeni uye kuiparadzira mumuviri wese.
Muna 1840, Friedrich Ludwig Hunefeld, nhengo yeGerman Biochemical Society, akawana chimiro chekristaro chinotakura oxygen muropa, nokudaro achidyara mhodzi dzemazuva ano pulse oximetry.
Muna 1864 Felix Hoppe-Seyler akapa zviumbwa zvemashiripiti izvi zita ravo pachavo, hemoglobin. Ongororo yaHope-Thaylor yehemoglobin yakaita kuti nyanzvi yemasvomhu nefizikisi yeIrish-Britain George Gabriel Stokes aongorore “kuderera kwemavara uye oxidation yemapuroteni ari muropa.”
Muna 1864, George Gabriel Stokes naFelix Hoppe-Seyler vakawana mibairo yakasiyana-siyana yeokisijeni-yakapfuma uye neokisijeni-pasi ropa pasi pechiedza.
Ongororo yakaitwa naGeorge Gabriel Stokes naFelix Hoppe-Seyler muna 1864 yakawana humbowo hunoonekwa hwehemoglobin inosunga oxygen. Vakacherechedza:
Oxygen-rich blood (oxygenated hemoglobin) inoratidzika cherry yakatsvuka pasi pechiedza, asi ropa risina mweya weoxygen (unoxygenated hemoglobin) rinoratidzika rima repepuru-tsvuku. Sample yeropa imwe chete inozochinja ruvara kana ichinge yaiswa kune akasiyana maokisijeni. Ropa rine mweya weokisijeni rinoita kunge rakatsvuka, ukuwo ropa risina mweya weokisijeni richiita kunge piriviri-tsvuku. Kuchinja kweruvara uku kunokonzerwa nekushanduka kwemaitiro ekutorwa kwe spectral emamorekuru ehemoglobin paanosangana kana kupatsanurwa kubva kuokisijeni. Kuwanikwa uku kunopa humbowo hwakananga hwemaokisijeni-kutakura basa reropa uye inoisa hwaro hwesainzi hwekusanganiswa kwehemoglobin neokisijeni.
Asi panguva iyo Stokes naTariro-Taylor vaiitisa ongororo dzavo, nzira chete yekuyera mazinga eropa reokisijeni yemurwere yaive ichiri kutora sampuli yeropa nekuiongorora. Iyi nzira inorwadza, invasive, uye inononoka kupa vanachiremba nguva yakakwana yekuita maererano neruzivo rwainopa. Uye chero nzira ipi zvayo inopindira kana yekupindira ine simba rekukonzera utachiona, kunyanya panguva yeganda rekucheka kana tsono. Chirwere ichi chinogona kuitika munharaunda kana kupararira kuva systemic infection. nokudaro zvichitungamirira kukurapa
kurapwa njodzi.
Muna 1935, chiremba weGermany Karl Matthes akagadzira oximeter yaivhenekera ropa rakaiswa munzeve nemasaisai maviri.
Chiremba wokuGermany Karl Matthes akagadzira muchina muna 1935 wakanamatirwa paburi renzeve yomurwere uye waigona kupenya zviri nyore muropa romurwere. Pakutanga, mavara maviri echiedza, girini uye tsvuku, akashandiswa kuona kuvapo kweokisijeni hemoglobin, asi Midziyo yakadaro ine hungwaru hutsva, asi ine mashoma ekushandisa nekuti inonetsa kugadzirisa uye inongopa saturation maitiro pane absolute parameter mhinduro.
Inventor uye physiologist Glenn Millikan anogadzira yekutanga inotakurika oximeter muma1940s.
Muvambi weAmerica uye nyanzvi yefiziyosi Glenn Millikan akagadzira mahedhifoni akazozivikanwa seyokutanga inotakurika oximeter. Akagadzirawo izwi rokuti "oximetry."
Mudziyo wacho wakagadzirwa kuti uenderane nekudiwa kwechishandiso chinoshanda chevatyairi vendege veHondo Yenyika II avo dzimwe nguva vaibhururuka vachienda kunzvimbo dzine nzara yeokisijeni. Millikan's ear oximeters inonyanya kushandiswa mukubhururuka kwemauto.
1948-1949: Earl Wood inovandudza Millikan's oximeter
Chimwe chinhu icho Millikan asina hanya nacho mumudziyo wake kwaive kudiwa kwekuvaka huwandu hweropa munzeve.
Chiremba weMayo Clinic Earl Wood akagadzira oximetry mudziyo unoshandisa kumanikidza kwemhepo kumanikidza ropa rakawanda munzeve, zvichikonzera kuverenga kwakaringana uye kwakavimbika munguva chaiyo. Iyi headset yaive chikamu cheWood ear oximeter system yakashambadzirwa muma1960s.
1964: Robert Shaw akagadzira yekutanga kuverenga nzeve oximeter
Robert Shaw, chiremba wokuvhiya muSan Francisco, akaedza kuwedzera mamwe mafungu echiedza kune oximeter, achinatsiridza nzira yaMatisse yekuziva yekushandisa mafungu maviri echiedza.
Chishandiso chaShaw chinosanganisira mafungu masere echiedza, izvo zvinowedzera data kune oximeter kuverenga mazinga eropa ane oxygen. Ichi chishandiso chinoonekwa seyekutanga kuverenga zvachose nzeve oximeter.
1970: Hewlett-Packard inotanga yekutanga yekutengesa oximeter
Shaw's oximeter yainzi inodhura, yakakura, uye yaifanira kufambiswa kubva pane imwe imba nekamuri muchipatara. Nekudaro, inoratidza kuti misimboti yepulse oximetry inonzwisiswa zvakakwana kuti itengeswe mumapakeji ekutengesa.
Hewlett-Packard akatengesa sere-wavelength nzeve oximeter muma1970 uye anoenderera mberi nekupa pulse oximeters.
1972-1974: Takuo Aoyagi anovandudza musimboti mutsva wepulse oximeter.
Paaitsvaga nzira dzekuvandudza mudziyo unoyera kuyerera kweropa, injinjiniya wekuJapan Takuo Aoyagi akagumburwa pane zvakawanikwa zvine zvazvinoreva kune rimwe dambudziko: pulse oximetry. Akaona kuti mwero weoxygen muropa retsinga unogonawo kuyerwa nekurova kwemwoyo.
Takuo Aoyagi akaunza musimboti uyu kumushandi wake Nihon Kohden, uyo akazogadzira oximeter OLV-5100. Yakaunzwa muna 1975, mudziyo unoonekwa seyekutanga nzeve oximeter pasi rose zvichibva paAoyagi musimboti wepulse oximetry. Chigadzirwa chacho chakanga chisiri kubudirira kwekutengeserana uye maonero ake akafuratirwa kwenguva. Muongorori wekuJapan Takuo Aoyagi ane mukurumbira wekubatanidza "pulse" mu pulse oximetry nekushandisa waveform inogadzirwa ne arterial pulses kuyera uye kuverenga SpO2. Akatanga kushuma basa rechikwata chake muna 1974. Anonziwo muvambi wemazuva ano pulse oximeter.
Muna 1977, yekutanga chigunwe pulse oximeter OXIMET Met 1471 yakazvarwa.
Gare gare, Masaichiro Konishi naAkio Yamanishi vokuMinolta vakaronga pfungwa yakafanana. Muna 1977, Minolta akatanga yekutanga chigunwe pulse oximeter, iyo OXIMET Met 1471, iyo yakatanga kumisa nzira nyowani yekuyera pulse oximetry neminwe.
Pakazosvika 1987, Aoyagi ainyanya kuzivikanwa semuvambi wemazuva ano pulse oximeter. Aoyagi anotenda mu "kugadzira isiri-invasive inoenderera yekutarisa tekinoroji" yekutarisa murwere. Mazuva ano pulse oximeters anosanganisira musimboti uyu, uye zvishandiso zvemazuva ano zvinokurumidza uye hazvirwadze varwere.
1983 Nellcor yekutanga pulse oximeter
Muna 1981, chiremba wokutindivadza William New nevamwe vaviri vaaishanda navo vakaumba kambani itsva inonzi Nellcor. Vakaburitsa yavo yekutanga pulse oximeter muna 1983 inonzi Nellcor N-100. Nellcor yakawedzera kufambira mberi mune semiconductor tekinoroji yekushambadzira yakafanana yemunwe oximeter. Haisi chete iyo N-100 yakarurama uye inotakurika, inobatanidzawo zvitsva mu pulse oximetry tekinoroji, kunyanya chiratidzo chinonzwika chinoratidza pulse rate uye SpO2.
Mazuva ano miniaturized fingertip pulse oximeter
Pulse oximeters yakagadziridzwa zvakanaka kune akawanda matambudziko anogona kumuka kana achiedza kuyera mazinga eropa remurwere. Ivo vanobatsirwa zvakanyanya kubva mukuderera kwehukuru hwemakomputa machipisi, zvichivabvumira kuti vaongorore kupenya kwechiedza uye moyo pulse data inogamuchirwa mumapakeji madiki. Kubudirira kwedhijitari kunopawo mainjiniya ekurapa mukana wekuita zvigadziriso uye kuvandudza kuvandudza iko kurongeka kwepulse oximeter kuverenga.
Mhedziso
Hutano ndihwo hupfumi hwekutanga muhupenyu, uye pulse oximeter ndiye muchengeti wehutano akakukomberedza. Sarudza yedu pulse oximeter uye isa hutano pamunwe wako! Ngatiteererei kutarisisa kweokisijeni yeropa uye tidzivirire hutano hwedu nemhuri dzedu!
Nguva yekutumira: May-13-2024
